This is a more complex question than you would think. The list is changing as research progresses and more causative mutations are discovered. Also, some single genetic mutations affect the risk for more than one type of cancer, the risk is higher for some types of cancer than others, and some syndromes are caused by different mutations. In a ten year old book (now seriously out of date), Clinical Cancer Genetics by Kenneth Offit, the list of cancer syndromes by body system covers 40 pages. Also, most patients with a specific cancer have sporadic cases, that is, not inherited.
About cancer genetics in general: see http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/genetics/overview/hea http://www.cancer.gov/cancerinfo/pdq/genetics/risk-assessmen (both written for health professionals).