there is something called "referred pain."
this is phantom pain in a body part that shares the same nerve supply as the area that actually has something going on.
one example you may be familiar with - when a person has a heart attack, the source of the pain is the chest. however, the pain signals are so great there is cross talk between the nerves that service the heart (vagus nerve) and the nerves that service the left arm, neck, and jaw. hence, when a person has a heart attack, they may have pain in their left arm, neck, and jaw.
scar tissue, compressing nerves in the area of the stomach and pancreas, are well known to cause referred pain to the back.
unfortunately, recurrence of the pancreatic cancer can certainly compress nerves and cause the same thing.
lastly, metastatic spread of the cancer to the back can of course cause back pain as well.
if the back pain is worsening, perhaps a PET scan might be helpful. PET scans are 93% accurate in finding cancers of pancreatic origin, vs CT scans which are only 67% accurate. Perhaps before you get busy with wedding plans, contact your father's doctor and ask him about a PET scan.